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1.
Bull Cancer ; 108(5): 455-464, 2021 May.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33836862

RESUMO

Nutritional factors (diet, weight, alcohol, physical activity) are identified as factors having an impact on the onset of several cancer sites. Less abundant scientific data also underline their impact on the tumor progression. A review of the scientific literature was carried out by a group of experts established by the French National Cancer Institute (INCa) to better document the influence of nutritional factors during and after cancer on outcomes such as overall mortality, cancer specific mortality, recurrence, second primary cancers and quality of life. This analysis of the literature completes messages of reduction of alcohol consumption, prevention of undernutrition or excess weight and adherence to dietary recommendations, avoiding the use of dietary supplements, fasting or restrictive diets and strengthens messages promoting the practice of physical activity and the fight against sedentary lifestyle.


Assuntos
Neoplasias/prevenção & controle , Estado Nutricional , Agaricales , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/prevenção & controle , Suplementos Nutricionais , Progressão da Doença , Exercício Físico , Jejum , França , Humanos , Desnutrição/complicações , Desnutrição/prevenção & controle , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/etiologia , Neoplasias/etiologia , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/etiologia , Política Nutricional , Sobrepeso/complicações , Sobrepeso/prevenção & controle , Qualidade de Vida , Comportamento Sedentário
2.
Rev Prat ; 69(5): 529-534, 2019 May.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31626462

RESUMO

In France, every year, HPVs cause approximately 6,300 cancers -cervix, anus, oropharynx, penis, vulva, vagina, oral cavity, larynx- representing 2% of all incident cancers, 35,000 precancerous le-sions of the cervix, and at least 50,000 condylomas in the under- 30s. All 3,000 new cases of cervical cancers are attributable to HPV infections. Cervical cancer prevention is based on the combination of two complementary strategies: vaccination of 11 to 14-years-old girls against HPV and organized screening of cervical cancer for women between 25 and 65 years old. In France, the vaccination coverage rate -VCR- against HPV for 2 vaccine doses is less than 25% while it reaches more than 80% in the United Kingdom, Portugal, Australia, etc. This low level of VCR can be explained by the mistrust in these vaccines especially regarding their effectiveness and safety. However, more than 10 years after their commercialization, HPV vaccines have already demonstrated, in many countries, their effectiveness against HPV infections, genital warts and precancerous cervical lesions. In addition, no association between vaccines and autoimmune diseases has been demonstrated, either by national or international surveillance authorities, or by scientific publications, after the commercialization of 200 million doses worldwide. As the International Papillomavirus Society has declared that the combination of a high VCR against HPV and a high participation in cervical cancer screening, combined with appropriate treatment, can lead to the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem, it is important to better communicate the scientific findings in order to better understand vaccination's benefits.


En France, les papillomavirus -HPV- sont responsables chaque année d'environ 6 300 cancers potentiellement dus aux HPV -col de l'utérus, anus, oropharynx, pénis, vulve, vagin, cavité orale, larynx- représentant 2 % des cancers incidents, de 35 000 traitements de lésions précancéreuses du col de l'utérus, et d'au moins 50 000 condylomes chez les moins de 30 ans. Les 3 000 nouveaux cas de cancers du col de l'utérus chaque année sont attribuables à 100 % aux infections HPV. La prévention de ce cancer repose sur l'articulation de deux stratégies complémentaires: la vaccination des jeunes filles de 11 à 14 ans contre les HPV et le dépistage organisé du cancer du col de l'utérus de 25 à 65 ans. En France, la couverture vaccinale contre les HPV -2 doses- est inférieure à 25 % tandis qu'elle atteint plus de 80 % au Royaume-Uni, au Portugal, en Australie, etc. Ce faible taux peut être expliqué par l'existence d'une défiance vis-à-vis de ces vaccins alimentée par des doutes portant tant sur l'efficacité que sur la sécurité des vaccins. Pourtant, après plus de 10 ans de commercialisation, les vaccins contre les HPV ont déjà démontré, dans de nombreux pays dans le monde, une efficacité en vie réelle contre les infections HPV, les condylomes ainsi que les lésions précancéreuses du col de l'utérus. De plus, le lien entre les vaccins et les maladies auto-immunes n'a pas été démontré ni par les autorités de surveillance nationales ou internationales, ni par les publications scientifiques après la commercialisation de 200 millions de doses dans le monde. À l'heure où l' International papillomavirus society a déclaré que la combinaison d'une couverture vaccinale élevée contre les HPV et d'un fort taux de participation au dépistage du cancer du col de l'utérus, alliée à des traitements appropriés, peut conduire à l'élimination du cancer du col de l'utérus comme problème de santé publique, il est important de mieux communiquer sur les données scientifiques afin de mieux comprendre les bénéfices de la vaccination.


Assuntos
Infecções por Papillomavirus , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , França , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/administração & dosagem , Reino Unido , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Vacinação
3.
Rev Prat ; 69(4): 444-448, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31626504

RESUMO

Tobacco use is responsible for around 30% of cancer deaths in France. Over two thirds of smoker patients continue despite the therapeutic management of their cancer, especially when cancer is not associated with tobacco. The impact of smoking on quality of care for patients is actually not enough considered. The French National Cancer Institute has developed tools that highlight the importance of tobacco cessation to improve the quality of patient care and could help them in their practices to apprehend smoking cessation with their patients. It is important that a communication with the patient takes place at the beginning of the treatment to impact the smoking behavior. All oncology health professionals should deliver a clearly and personalized cessation advice in the light of scientific data and ensure that smoking cessation help will be offered to the patient.


SYSTÉMATISER L'ACCOMPAGNEMENT À L'ARRÊT DU TABAC DES PATIENTS ATTEINTS DE CANCER La consommation de tabac est responsable d'environ 30 % de décès par cancer en France. Plus des deux tiers des patients atteints de cancers et fumeurs continuent à fumer malgré la prise en charge thérapeutique de leur cancer, en particulier ceux dont le cancer n'est pas associé à une cause tabagique. L'impact du tabagisme sur la qualité des soins délivrés aux patients est aujourd'hui mal appréhendé par les professionnels de santé. L''Institut national du cancer a développé des outils qui soulignent l'importance de l'arrêt du tabac pour améliorer la qualité des soins et qui les aide dans leurs pratiques pour appréhender l'arrêt du tabac avec leurs patients. Il est important que le dialogue avec le patient s'installe, dès le début de la prise en charge, pour motiver et initier le changement de comportement tabagique. Tous les professionnels de santé en cancérologie doivent délivrer un conseil d'arrêt énoncé clairement et personnalisé à la lumière des données scientifiques et s'assurer qu'un sevrage tabagique est proposé au patient.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Fumar , França , Humanos , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Fumar/epidemiologia , Prevenção do Hábito de Fumar
4.
Bull Cancer ; 103(6): 584-93, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27233368

RESUMO

Approximately 20% of cancer patients smoke at diagnosis (all localizations included), and over two thirds continue despite the therapeutic management of their cancer, especially when cancer is not associated with tobacco. The impact of smoking on quality of care for patients is actually not enough considered. A literature review conducted by the French National Cancer Institute emphasizes the importance of tobacco cessation to improve the prognosis (decreased mortality from all causes and specific); to reduce the risk of second primary cancers; to reduce per- and post-surgical risks as long as some toxicities related to treatments and to improve the quality of physical and mental life of patients. It is important that a communication with the patient takes place at the beginning of the treatment to impact the smoking behavior. All oncology health professionals should deliver a clearly and personalized cessation advice in the light of scientific data and ensure that smoking cessation help will be offered to the patient.


Assuntos
Neoplasias/terapia , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Gerenciamento Clínico , Humanos , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Prognóstico , Qualidade de Vida , Radioterapia/efeitos adversos
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